The farmers of El Diablo depend on coffee as their primary livelihood, and most have holdings of 20 to 25 hectares. Alongside coffee, many grow vegetables such as carrots, radishes, and celery, plus staple crops for household consumption, a diversification that reflects the favourable growing conditions of the reserve.
Coffee arrived in Nicaragua in the late 18th century as an ornamental plant, and only became a commercial crop decades later; European settlers who moved into the northern highlands in the mid-1800s were central to that shift, planting the first estates in what are now Jinotega and Matagalpa.
That growth was interrupted by decades of upheaval. The 1979 revolution that toppled the Somoza dynasty, and the civil war that followed, left much of the countryside devastated; state control of the coffee trade through the 1980s, a US trade embargo, and the destruction of Hurricane Mitch in 1998 combined to push many farms into decline. It wasn't until the 2000s that Nicaragua's coffee sector began to recover, rebuilt in large part by smallholders willing to start again from very little. The producers of El Diablo are part of that same generation of rebuilding.
The name Datanlí, meaning "where water falls," points to what defines this place, where mountain streams originate at altitude and flow down through the forest to the farms. That water, combined with the shade of Ingas, Musaceae, and native forest trees, gives the region one of the richest ecosystems in Jinotega.
Historically, these farms were built for volume, using efficient, large-scale commercial production adapted to the local environment. Since 2016, that infrastructure has been redirected toward quality. Producers have adopted waste-water treatment systems, returned coffee pulp to the soil as fertiliser, and planted living windbreaks around their plots. It's environmental stewardship built into the everyday mechanics of the farm, not layered on as an afterthought.